(RT--11 System Internals Manual) <order_number>(AA--PD6NA--TC) <abstract>(August 1991) <line> This manual describes the internals of the RT--11 operating system. It is most useful to system programmers, but it provides valuable background information to application programmers as well. <endabstract> <revision_info>( Revision/Update Information:\ This is a new manual for programmers; it is a complete revision of the information previously located in Chapters 1 through 6 of the <emphasis>(RT--11 Software Support Manual).) <revision_info>(Operating System:\ RT--11 Version 5.6) <ENDTITLE_PAGE> <copyright_page> <comment> This copyright page works. All you have to do is 1. Edit in the appropriate date in two places (at the print_date and at the copyright_date tags) 2. Put in your book ID number at the endcopyright_page tag. <endcomment> <COPYRIGHT_PAGE_FORMATTING>(CONTROLLED) <PRINT_DATE>(First Printing, August 1991) The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Any software described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license. No responsibility is assumed for the use or reliability of software or equipment that is not supplied by Digital Equipment Corporation or its affiliated companies. Restricted Rights: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227--7013. <COPYRIGHT_DATE>(1991\Digital Equipment Corporation) <line> All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. The Reader's Comments form at the end of this document requests your critical evaluation to assist in preparing future documentation. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: CTS--300, DDCMP, DECnet, DECUS, DECwriter, DIBOL, MASSBUS, MicroPDP--11, Micro/RSX, PDP, Professional, Q-bus, RSTS, RSX, RT--11, RTEM--11, UNIBUS, VMS, VT, and the DIGITAL Logo. <vertical_space>(fill) <document_acknowledgment>(brief) <ENDCOPYRIGHT_PAGE>(S1782) <contents_file> <preface>(15) <head1>(Document Structure) This manual is divided into five chapters and two appendixes: <list>(unnumbered) <le> Chapter 1, System Components and Memory Layouts, presents a somewhat idealized view of the operating system and introduces the various components without providing great detail. <le> Chapter 2, Resident Monitor (RMON), describes the functions of the Resident Monitor (RMON) that are generally common to all RT--11 systems. <le> Chapter 3, Memory Mapping, provides the information you need to understand and manipulate memory in a mapped monitor system. <le> Chapter 4, Multiterminal Feature, describes the RT--11 multiterminal feature, providing background information on the hardware and describing the data structures of a multiterminal system. <le> Chapter 5, Interrupt Service Routines, describes the ways a program (as opposed to a device handler) can transfer data between memory and a peripheral device. <le> Appendix A, The System Definition Library (SYSTEM.MLB), describes the macro library file SYSTEM.MLB. SYSTEM.MLB contains macros that define symbolic names, values, and offsets for the data structures of the RT--11 system. <le> Appendix B, Software Simulation of the Console Terminal Hardware, describes an interface into the terminal handler that lets you simulate the console hardware under all monitors. <endlist> <head1>(Audience) This manual is most useful to system programmers, but it provides valuable background information to application programmers as well. <HEAD1>(Conventions\Conventions) The following conventions are used in this manual. <TABLE> <TABLE_SETUP>(2\15) <TABLE_HEADS>(Convention\Meaning) <TABLE_ROW>(Black print\ In examples, black print indicates output lines or prompting characters that the system displays. For example: <interactive> <s>(.)(BACKUP/INITIALIZE DL0:F*.FOR DU1:WRK) <S>(Mount output volume in DU1:; continue?) (Y) <endinteractive>) <TABLE_ROW>(Red print\ In examples, red print indicates user input.) <TABLE_ROW>( Braces ({ }) \In command syntax examples, braces enclose options that are mutually exclusive. You can choose only one option from the group of options that appear in braces.) <TABLE_ROW>(Brackets ([ ])\ Square brackets in a format line represent optional parameters, qualifiers, or values, unless otherwise specified.) <TABLE_ROW>(Lowercase <line> characters\ In command syntax examples, lowercase characters represent elements of a command for which you supply a value. For example: <code_example> DELETE filespec <endcode_example>) <TABLE_ROW>(UPPERCASE <LINE> characters\ In command syntax examples, uppercase characters represent elements of a command that should be entered exactly as given.) <TABLE_ROW>(<BOX>(RET)\ <box>(RET) in examples represents the RETURN key. Unless the manual indicates otherwise, terminate all commands or command strings by pressing <key>(RET).) <TABLE_ROW>(<BOX>(CTRL/<VARIABLE>(x))\ <BOX>(CTRL/<VARIABLE>(x)) indicates a control key sequence. While pressing the key labeled Ctrl, press another key. For example: <BOX>(CTRL/C)) <ENDTABLE> <page> <head1>(Associated Documents) <line> Basic Books <list>(unnumbered) <LE> <REFERENCE>(INT_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(GUI_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(KED_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(KEDC_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SUG_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(MRM_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(MAS_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(MSG_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SRN_book) <ENDLIST> <line> Installation Specific Books <list>(unnumbered) <LE> <REFERENCE>(AUT_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(INS_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SYG_book) <ENDLIST> <page> <line> Programmer Oriented Books <list>(unnumbered) <le> <REFERENCE>(IND_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SUM_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SML_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SSL_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(DEV_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(VFF_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(DBG_book) <ENDlist> <ENDPREFACE> <ENDFRONT

(edited 10-may-91) (simfm) (RT--11 System Internals Manual) <order_number>(AA--PD6NA--TC) <abstract>(August 1991) <line> This manual describes the internals of the RT--11 operating system. It is most useful to system programmers, but it provides valuable background information to application programmers as well. <endabstract> <revision_info>( Revision/Update Information:\ This is a new manual for programmers; it is a complete revision of the information previously located in Chapters 1 through 6 of the <emphasis>(RT--11 Software Support Manual).) <revision_info>(Operating System:\ RT--11 Version 5.6) <ENDTITLE_PAGE> <copyright_page> <comment> This copyright page works. All you have to do is 1. Edit in the appropriate date in two places (at the print_date and at the copyright_date tags) 2. Put in your book ID number at the endcopyright_page tag. <endcomment> <COPYRIGHT_PAGE_FORMATTING>(CONTROLLED) <PRINT_DATE>(First Printing, August 1991) The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Any software described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license. No responsibility is assumed for the use or reliability of software or equipment that is not supplied by Digital Equipment Corporation or its affiliated companies. Restricted Rights: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227--7013. <COPYRIGHT_DATE>(1991\Digital Equipment Corporation) <line> All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. The Reader's Comments form at the end of this document requests your critical evaluation to assist in preparing future documentation. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: CTS--300, DDCMP, DECnet, DECUS, DECwriter, DIBOL, MASSBUS, MicroPDP--11, Micro/RSX, PDP, Professional, Q-bus, RSTS, RSX, RT--11, RTEM--11, UNIBUS, VMS, VT, and the DIGITAL Logo. <vertical_space>(fill) <document_acknowledgment>(brief) <ENDCOPYRIGHT_PAGE>(S1782) <contents_file> <preface>(15) <head1>(Document Structure) This manual is divided into five chapters and two appendixes: <list>(unnumbered) <le> Chapter 1, System Components and Memory Layouts, presents a somewhat idealized view of the operating system and introduces the various components without providing great detail. <le> Chapter 2, Resident Monitor (RMON), describes the functions of the Resident Monitor (RMON) that are generally common to all RT--11 systems. <le> Chapter 3, Memory Mapping, provides the information you need to understand and manipulate memory in a mapped monitor system. <le> Chapter 4, Multiterminal Feature, describes the RT--11 multiterminal feature, providing background information on the hardware and describing the data structures of a multiterminal system. <le> Chapter 5, Interrupt Service Routines, describes the ways a program (as opposed to a device handler) can transfer data between memory and a peripheral device. <le> Appendix A, The System Definition Library (SYSTEM.MLB), describes the macro library file SYSTEM.MLB. SYSTEM.MLB contains macros that define symbolic names, values, and offsets for the data structures of the RT--11 system. <le> Appendix B, Software Simulation of the Console Terminal Hardware, describes an interface into the terminal handler that lets you simulate the console hardware under all monitors. <endlist> <head1>(Audience) This manual is most useful to system programmers, but it provides valuable background information to application programmers as well. <HEAD1>(Conventions\Conventions) The following conventions are used in this manual. <TABLE> <TABLE_SETUP>(2\15) <TABLE_HEADS>(Convention\Meaning) <TABLE_ROW>(Black print\ In examples, black print indicates output lines or prompting characters that the system displays. For example: <interactive> <s>(.)(BACKUP/INITIALIZE DL0:F*.FOR DU1:WRK) <S>(Mount output volume in DU1:; continue?) (Y) <endinteractive>) <TABLE_ROW>(Red print\ In examples, red print indicates user input.) <TABLE_ROW>( Braces ({ }) \In command syntax examples, braces enclose options that are mutually exclusive. You can choose only one option from the group of options that appear in braces.) <TABLE_ROW>(Brackets ([ ])\ Square brackets in a format line represent optional parameters, qualifiers, or values, unless otherwise specified.) <TABLE_ROW>(Lowercase <line> characters\ In command syntax examples, lowercase characters represent elements of a command for which you supply a value. For example: <code_example> DELETE filespec <endcode_example>) <TABLE_ROW>(UPPERCASE <LINE> characters\ In command syntax examples, uppercase characters represent elements of a command that should be entered exactly as given.) <TABLE_ROW>(<BOX>(RET)\ <box>(RET) in examples represents the RETURN key. Unless the manual indicates otherwise, terminate all commands or command strings by pressing <key>(RET).) <TABLE_ROW>(<BOX>(CTRL/<VARIABLE>(x))\ <BOX>(CTRL/<VARIABLE>(x)) indicates a control key sequence. While pressing the key labeled Ctrl, press another key. For example: <BOX>(CTRL/C)) <ENDTABLE> <page> <head1>(Associated Documents) <line> Basic Books <list>(unnumbered) <LE> <REFERENCE>(INT_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(GUI_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(KED_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(KEDC_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SUG_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(MRM_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(MAS_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(MSG_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SRN_book) <ENDLIST> <line> Installation Specific Books <list>(unnumbered) <LE> <REFERENCE>(AUT_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(INS_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SYG_book) <ENDLIST> <page> <line> Programmer Oriented Books <list>(unnumbered) <le> <REFERENCE>(IND_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SUM_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SML_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(SSL_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(DEV_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(VFF_book) <LE> <REFERENCE>(DBG_book) <ENDlist> <ENDPREFACE> <ENDFRONT_MATTER>