.\" $Copyright:	$
.\" Copyright (c) 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990 
.\" Sequent Computer Systems, Inc.   All rights reserved.
.\"  
.\" This software is furnished under a license and may be used
.\" only in accordance with the terms of that license and with the
.\" inclusion of the above copyright notice.   This software may not
.\" be provided or otherwise made available to, or used by, any
.\" other person.  No title to or ownership of the software is
.\" hereby transferred.
...
. \" $Header: g0 1.2 86/03/06 $
.EQ
delim $$
.EN
\".ND "June 2, 1976"
.RP
\".TM "76-1273-4 76-1271-4" 39199 39199-11
.TL
Typesetting Mathematics _ User's Guide
\&\ \ \ \ \ (Second\ Edition)
.AU 2C-518 6021
Brian W. Kernighan and Lorinda L. Cherry
.AI
.MH
.AB
.in
.ll
.PP
This is the user's guide for a system for typesetting
mathematics,
using
the phototypesetters on the
.UX
and
.UC GCOS
operating systems.
.PP
Mathematical expressions are described in a language
designed to be easy to use
by people who know neither mathematics nor typesetting.
Enough of the language to set in-line expressions like
$lim from {x-> pi /2} ( tan~x) sup{sin~2x}~=~1$
or display equations like
.in .5i
.EQ I
G(z)~mark =~ e sup { ln ~ G(z) }
~=~ exp left ( 
sum from k>=1 {S sub k z sup k} over k right )
~=~  prod from k>=1 e sup {S sub k z sup k /k}
.EN
.EQ I
lineup = left ( 1 + S sub 1 z + 
{ S sub 1 sup 2 z sup 2 } over 2! + ... right )
left ( 1+ { S sub 2 z sup 2 } over 2
+ { S sub 2 sup 2 z sup 4 } over { 2 sup 2 cdot 2! }
+ ... right ) ...
.EN
.EQ I
lineup =  sum from m>=0 left (
sum from
pile { k sub 1 ,k sub 2 ,..., k sub m  >=0
above
k sub 1 +2k sub 2 + ... +mk sub m =m}
{ S sub 1 sup {k sub 1} } over {1 sup k sub 1 k sub 1 ! } ~
{ S sub 2 sup {k sub 2} } over {2 sup k sub 2 k sub 2 ! } ~
...
{ S sub m sup {k sub m} } over {m sup k sub m k sub m ! } 
right ) z sup m
.EN
.in 0
can be learned in an hour or so.
.PP
The language interfaces directly with
the phototypesetting language
.UC TROFF ,
so mathematical expressions can be embedded in the running
text
of a manuscript,
and the entire document produced in one process.
This user's guide is an example of its output.
.PP
The same language
may be used with the 
.UC UNIX
formatter
.UC NROFF
to set mathematical expressions on 
.UC DASI
and
.UC GSI
terminals
and Model 37 teletypes.
.AE
.CS 11 0 11 0 0 3
